Castanea sativa (Sweet Chestnut)

Castanea sativa, known as the Spanish chestnut, sweet chestnut, or European chestnut, is a large deciduous tree with a pyramidal to broadly columnar shape, reaching heights of 80 to 100 feet and trunk diameters up to 7 feet. Originating from the high forests of western Asia, stretching from Iran to the Balkans, this species has been cultivated for its edible chestnuts since ancient times. It is now commonly grown across much of Europe, northern Africa, and southwestern Asia, with significant populations in Great Britain following its introduction during the Roman era.